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AEMMY (A2A SpA ADR) Stock Analysis
Buy, Hold or Sell?

Let's analyze A2A SpA ADR together

I guess you are interested in A2A SpA ADR. Buy, hold or sell? I don't know! However, I do recommend doing research before doing anything. I will help you with that.

  • 📊 Fundamental Analysis (FA) – A2A SpA ADR’s Financial Insights
  • 📈 Technical Analysis (TA) – A2A SpA ADR’s Price Targets

I'm going to help you getting a better view of A2A SpA ADR. At the end you don't have to ask anyone for trading advice. You can make your own decision, with more confidence, the odds in your favor, backed by data.

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1. Quick Overview

1.1. Quick analysis of A2A SpA ADR (30 sec.)










1.2. What can you expect buying and holding a share of A2A SpA ADR? (30 sec.)

How much money do you get?

How much money do you get?
$0.00
When do you have the money?
1 year
How often do you get paid?
90.0%

What is your share worth?

Current worth
$2.25
Expected worth in 1 year
$-24.79
How sure are you?
80.0%

+ What do you gain per year?

Total Gains per Share
$-27.04
Return On Investment
-218.1%

For what price can you sell your share?

Current Price per Share
$12.40
Expected price per share
$12.40 - $12.40
How sure are you?
50%
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2. Detailed Analysis

2.1. Valuation of A2A SpA ADR (5 min.)




Live pricePrice per Share (EOD)
$12.40
Intrinsic Value Per Share
$-7.07 - $-1.02
Total Value Per Share
$-4.81 - $1.24

2.2. Growth of A2A SpA ADR (5 min.)




Is A2A SpA ADR growing?

Current yearPrevious yearGrowGrow %
How rich?$7b$5.6b$1.4b20.0%

How much money is A2A SpA ADR making?

Current yearPrevious yearGrowGrow %
Making money$1b$775.1m$241.1m23.7%
Net Profit Margin6.9%4.5%--

How much money comes from the company's main activities?

2.3. Financial Health of A2A SpA ADR (5 min.)




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3. Summary and Key Metrics

3.1. What can you expect buying and holding a share of A2A SpA ADR?

Welcome investor! A2A SpA ADR's management wants to use your money to grow the business. In return you get a share of A2A SpA ADR.

First you should know what it really means to hold a share of A2A SpA ADR. And how you can make/lose money.

Speculation

The Price per Share of A2A SpA ADR is $12.40. The market price reflects what other people think it is worth; not what it's really worth. Your job is to find out if the market price is fair, overpriced, or underpriced. I will help you with that.

If you buy blind, there is a 50% chance of making or losing money by selling the stock in the future. However, we can look at a few things to determine the odds in our favor:

  • The fundamentals: the financial health trends of A2A SpA ADR.
  • The technials: based on market psychology, we can make a calculated estimate of what the price will do in the future. We can do this through technical analysis. We can calculate the probabilities and the expected value (millionaire math). That's called speculation.
  • The book value: what is the market price compared to it's book value.

Investing

If you really want to invest in A2A SpA ADR, you will have to let go of the thought of selling in the future. If you have to sell the share for less than you bought it, it can still be a good investment. Focus on what it means to hold the stock forever:

  • You own a part of the company. The equity of this part can grow or shrink. The current Book Value per Share is $2.25. Based on the TTM, the Book Value Change Per Share is $-6.76 per quarter. Based on the YOY, the Book Value Change Per Share is $0.63 per quarter.
  • You may receive quarterly/yearly dividend in the form of additional shares.
  • You may receive quarterly/yearly dividend in the form of cash. Based on the TTM the Dividend per Share is $0.00 per quarter.
Based on historical numbers we can estimate the returns while holding a share of A2A SpA ADR.

How much money are you going to get?

 MRQTTMYOY3Y5Y10Y
 $% of Price per Share$% of Price per Share$% of Price per Share$% of Price per Share$% of Price per Share$% of Price per Share
Usd Eps0.322.6%0.322.6%1.2410.0%0.776.2%0.796.4%0.645.2%
Usd Book Value Change Per Share-6.76-54.5%-6.76-54.5%0.635.0%-1.94-15.7%-0.92-7.4%-0.37-3.0%
Usd Dividend Per Share0.000.0%0.000.0%0.534.3%0.352.9%0.403.2%0.352.8%
Usd Total Gains Per Share-6.76-54.5%-6.76-54.5%1.169.3%-1.59-12.8%-0.52-4.2%-0.03-0.2%
Usd Price Per Share8.23-8.23-8.23-7.59-8.07-7.97-
Price to Earnings Ratio25.37-25.37-6.65-13.47-12.35-16.87-
Price-to-Total Gains Ratio-1.22--1.22-7.11-4.47-6.35-5.51-
Price to Book Ratio3.65-3.65-0.91-1.77-1.51-1.38-
Price-to-Total Gains Ratio-1.22--1.22-7.11-4.47-6.35-5.51-

When do you get the money?

Usd Investment
$.00
Usd Price Per Share12.4
Number of shares80
Gains per QuarterTrailing 12 Months5 Year
Usd Dividend Per Share0.000.40
Usd Book Value Change Per Share-6.76-0.92
Usd Total Gains Per Share-6.76-0.52
Gains per Quarter (80 shares)-540.84-41.94
Gains per Year (80 shares)-2,163.34-167.76
YearsReturn on Investment (TTM)Return on Investment (5Y)
 DividendBook Value gainTotal gainsDividendBook Value gainTotal gains
Broker costs---10---10
10-2163-2173127-295-178
20-4327-4336254-589-346
30-6490-6499380-884-514
40-8653-8662507-1178-682
50-10817-10825634-1473-850
60-12980-12988761-1767-1018
70-15143-15151887-2062-1186
80-17307-173141014-2356-1354
90-19470-194771141-2651-1522
100-21633-216401268-2945-1690

How sure are you?

Based on the past periods, how sure are you to get value out of your investment.

Linear %
 Trailing 12 Months3Y5 Year10 YearALLTIME
  % % % % %
Earnings Per Share1.00.00.0100.0%3.00.00.0100.0%5.00.00.0100.0%10.00.00.0100.0%18.02.00.090.0%
Book Value Change Per Share0.01.00.00.0%2.01.00.066.7%4.01.00.080.0%8.02.00.080.0%13.07.00.065.0%
Dividend per Share0.00.01.00.0%2.00.01.066.7%4.00.01.080.0%9.00.01.090.0%19.00.01.095.0%
Total Gains per Share0.01.00.00.0%2.01.00.066.7%4.01.00.080.0%8.02.00.080.0%14.06.00.070.0%
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3.2. Key Performance Indicators

The key performance indicators of A2A SpA ADR compared to the Most Recent Quarter (MRQ).

 End of day+/-Most Recent QuarterTrailing 12 Months+/-Year-Over-Year+/-3Y+/-5 Year+/-10 Year+/-
Book Value Change Per Share---6.760-6.7600%0.626-1180%-1.942-71%-0.920-86%-0.372-95%
Book Value Per Share--2.2542.2540%9.014-75%6.552-66%7.093-68%6.686-66%
Current Ratio--1.1191.1190%1.115+0%1.128-1%1.150-3%1.157-3%
Debt To Asset Ratio--0.6980.6980%0.745-6%0.745-6%0.732-5%0.703-1%
Debt To Equity Ratio--2.5512.5510%3.301-23%3.396-25%3.225-21%2.795-9%
Dividend Per Share----0%0.531-100%0.354-100%0.396-100%0.346-100%
Enterprise Value--9445216229.7109445216229.7100%-9573966717.350+201%-4332804102.387+146%-5058985322.296+154%-3740302698.652+140%
Eps--0.3240.3240%1.237-74%0.771-58%0.789-59%0.644-50%
Ev To Sales Ratio--0.6390.6390%-0.562+188%-0.133+121%-0.307+148%-0.343+154%
Free Cash Flow Per Share---0.140-0.1400%-0.631+350%-0.244+75%-0.177+26%0.327-143%
Free Cash Flow To Equity Per Share---0.140-0.1400%-2.380+1600%0.113-224%0.486-129%0.254-155%
Gross Profit Margin--1.0001.0000%1.0000%1.0000%1.0000%1.0000%
Intrinsic Value_10Y_max---1.017----------
Intrinsic Value_10Y_min---7.068----------
Intrinsic Value_1Y_max--0.235----------
Intrinsic Value_1Y_min---0.365----------
Intrinsic Value_3Y_max--0.449----------
Intrinsic Value_3Y_min---1.401----------
Intrinsic Value_5Y_max--0.354----------
Intrinsic Value_5Y_min---2.761----------
Market Cap7766901299.200-232%25783810429.71025783810429.7100%5156762082.650+400%11630974364.280+122%9181503317.704+181%7056742821.348+265%
Net Profit Margin--0.0690.0690%0.045+51%0.044+57%0.046+49%0.046+51%
Operating Margin----0%0.072-100%0.034-100%0.049-100%0.075-100%
Operating Ratio--1.6261.6260%0.930+75%1.176+38%1.078+51%0.977+66%
Pb Ratio5.502+34%3.6523.6520%0.913+300%1.772+106%1.506+142%1.381+164%
Pe Ratio38.227+34%25.37225.3720%6.653+281%13.468+88%12.349+105%16.872+50%
Price Per Share12.400+34%8.2308.2300%8.2300%7.590+8%8.071+2%7.973+3%
Price To Free Cash Flow Ratio-88.548-51%-58.770-58.7700%-13.048-78%32.065-283%32.958-278%21.492-373%
Price To Total Gains Ratio-1.834-51%-1.217-1.2170%7.112-117%4.471-127%6.350-119%5.505-122%
Quick Ratio--0.2940.2940%0.803-63%0.617-52%0.678-57%0.838-65%
Return On Assets--0.0430.0430%0.035+24%0.032+34%0.031+40%0.028+53%
Return On Equity--0.1590.1590%0.155+2%0.139+14%0.131+21%0.110+45%
Total Gains Per Share---6.760-6.7600%1.157-684%-1.588-77%-0.524-92%-0.025-100%
Usd Book Value--7060728600.0007060728600.0000%5648112400.000+25%5987642133.333+18%5573070840.000+27%4752788960.000+49%
Usd Book Value Change Per Share---6.760-6.7600%0.626-1180%-1.942-71%-0.920-86%-0.372-95%
Usd Book Value Per Share--2.2542.2540%9.014-75%6.552-66%7.093-68%6.686-66%
Usd Dividend Per Share----0%0.531-100%0.354-100%0.396-100%0.346-100%
Usd Enterprise Value--9445216229.7109445216229.7100%-9573966717.350+201%-4332804102.387+146%-5058985322.296+154%-3740302698.652+140%
Usd Eps--0.3240.3240%1.237-74%0.771-58%0.789-59%0.644-50%
Usd Free Cash Flow---438722600.000-438722600.0000%-395203200.000-10%-270133933.333-38%-180899560.000-59%169608040.000-359%
Usd Free Cash Flow Per Share---0.140-0.1400%-0.631+350%-0.244+75%-0.177+26%0.327-143%
Usd Free Cash Flow To Equity Per Share---0.140-0.1400%-2.380+1600%0.113-224%0.486-129%0.254-155%
Usd Market Cap7766901299.200-232%25783810429.71025783810429.7100%5156762082.650+400%11630974364.280+122%9181503317.704+181%7056742821.348+265%
Usd Price Per Share12.400+34%8.2308.2300%8.2300%7.590+8%8.071+2%7.973+3%
Usd Profit--1016236800.0001016236800.0000%775115800.000+31%754336266.667+35%656790080.000+55%484947260.000+110%
Usd Revenue--14784834000.00014784834000.0000%17045490400.000-13%19606469866.667-25%16002906720.000-8%11356916720.000+30%
Usd Total Gains Per Share---6.760-6.7600%1.157-684%-1.588-77%-0.524-92%-0.025-100%
 EOD+2 -6MRQTTM+0 -0YOY+18 -183Y+16 -225Y+16 -2210Y+15 -23

3.3 Fundamental Score

Let's check the fundamental score of A2A SpA ADR based on Penke's default stock scanner.

Penke's Stock Scanner

  
  
IndicatorConditionValue
Price to Earnings Ratio (EOD)Between0-1538.227
Price to Book Ratio (EOD)Between0-15.502
Net Profit Margin (MRQ)Greater than00.069
Operating Margin (MRQ)Greater than00.000
Quick Ratio (MRQ)Greater than10.294
Current Ratio (MRQ)Greater than11.119
Debt to Asset Ratio (MRQ)Less than10.698
Debt to Equity Ratio (MRQ)Less than12.551
Return on Equity (MRQ)Greater than0.150.159
Return on Assets (MRQ)Greater than0.050.043
Total4/10 (40.0%)

3.4 Technical Score

Let's check the technical score of A2A SpA ADR based on Penke's default Symbol scanner.

Penke's Symbol Scanner

  
  
IndicatorConditionValue
RsiGreater than50100.000
Ma 20Greater thanMa 5012.400
Ma 50Greater thanMa 10012.185
Ma 100Greater thanMa 20010.975
OpenGreater thanClose12.400
Total4/5 (80.0%)

4. In-depth Analysis

4.1 About A2A SpA ADR

A2A S.p.A. engages in the production, sale, and distribution of gas and electricity, and district heating in Italy and internationally. The company generates electricity through hydroelectric, thermoelectric, photovoltaic, cogeneration, biomass, and wind plants; and sells and distributes gas. It also engages in the production and sale of heat produced through district heating networks; waste management activities, including collection and street sweeping, treatment, disposal, and recovery of materials and energy; and the construction and management of integrated waste disposal plants and systems. In addition, the company offers integrated water cycle management services; and technical consultancy services relating to energy efficiency certificates. Further, it is involved in the management of public lighting systems and street lights, and water purification and sewer activities, as well as offers garbage collection, street sweeping, video surveillance, energy efficiency, and electric mobility services. A2A S.p.A. is headquartered in Milan, Italy.

Fundamental data was last updated by Penke on 2025-06-15 05:01:05.

4.2 In-depth Summary

4.2.1. Financial Health Summary

Profitability Details
 Compared to previous yearCompared to industry
The company is making a profit.
Using its assets, the company is less efficient in making profit.
Using its investors money, the company is efficient in making profit.
Operating Efficiency Details
 Compared to previous yearCompared to industry
The company is inefficient in keeping operating costs low.
Liquidity Details
 Compared to previous yearCompared to industry
The company is just able to pay all its short-term debts.
The company is just not able to pay all its short-term debts with the most liquid assets.
Solvency Details
 Compared to previous yearCompared to industry
The company is able to pay all its debts by selling its assets.
The company is unable to pay all its debts with equity.

4.2.2. Valuation Summary

Valuation Details
 Compared to previous yearCompared to industry
Based on the equity, the company is fair priced.
Based on the earnings, the company is overpriced.
Based on how much money comes from the company's main activities, the company is expensive.
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4.3 Financial Health

4.3.1. Profitability

4.3.1 Profitability
4.3.1.1. Net Profit Margin

Measures how much net profit A2A SpA ADR earns for each $1 of revenue.

  • Above 10% is considered healthy but always compare A2A SpA ADR to the Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • A Net Profit Margin of 6.9% means that $0.07 for each $1 in revenue is generated as profit.

Let's take a look of the Net Profit Margin trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 6.9%. The company is making a profit. +1
  • The TTM is 6.9%. The company is making a profit. +1
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ6.9%TTM6.9%0.0%
TTM6.9%YOY4.5%+2.3%
TTM6.9%5Y4.6%+2.3%
5Y4.6%10Y4.6%+0.1%
4.3.1.2. Return on Assets

Shows how efficient A2A SpA ADR is using its assets to generate profit.

  • Above 5% is considered healthy but always compare A2A SpA ADR to the Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • 4.3% Return on Assets means that A2A SpA ADR generated $0.04 profit for each $1 in assets.

Let's take a look of the Return on Assets trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 4.3%. Using its assets, the company is less efficient in making profit.
  • The TTM is 4.3%. Using its assets, the company is less efficient in making profit.
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ4.3%TTM4.3%0.0%
TTM4.3%YOY3.5%+0.8%
TTM4.3%5Y3.1%+1.2%
5Y3.1%10Y2.8%+0.3%
4.3.1.3. Return on Equity

Shows how efficient A2A SpA ADR is using its investors money to generate profit.

  • Above 15%-20% is considered healthy but always compare A2A SpA ADR to the Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • 15.9% Return on Equity means A2A SpA ADR generated $0.16 for each $1 the owners (shareholders) invested.

Let's take a look of the Return on Equity trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 15.9%. Using its investors money, the company is efficient in making profit. +1
  • The TTM is 15.9%. Using its investors money, the company is efficient in making profit. +1
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ15.9%TTM15.9%0.0%
TTM15.9%YOY15.5%+0.3%
TTM15.9%5Y13.1%+2.8%
5Y13.1%10Y11.0%+2.1%
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4.3.2. Operating Efficiency of A2A SpA ADR.

4.3.2. Operating Efficiency
4.3.2.1. Operating Margin

Measures how efficient A2A SpA ADR is operating .

  • Measures how much profit A2A SpA ADR makes for each $1 of sales after paying variable costs (production costs, wages, etc) but before taxes.
  • Above 15% is considered healthy but always compare A2A SpA ADR to the Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • An Operating Margin of 0.0% means the company generated $0.00  for each $1 in revenue (before taxes).

Let's take a look of the Operating Margin trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 0.0%. The data is not here.
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ-TTM-0.0%
TTM-YOY7.2%-7.2%
TTM-5Y4.9%-4.9%
5Y4.9%10Y7.5%-2.6%
4.3.2.2. Operating Ratio

Measures how efficient A2A SpA ADR is keeping operating costs low.

  • Below 1 is considered healthy (always compare to Utilities - Diversified industry mean).
  • An Operation Ratio of 1.63 means that the operating costs are $1.63 for each $1 in net sales.

Let's take a look of the Operating Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 1.626. The company is inefficient in keeping operating costs low. -1
  • The TTM is 1.626. The company is inefficient in keeping operating costs low. -1
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ1.626TTM1.6260.000
TTM1.626YOY0.930+0.697
TTM1.6265Y1.078+0.549
5Y1.07810Y0.977+0.100
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4.4.3. Liquidity of A2A SpA ADR.

4.4.3. Liquidity
4.4.3.1. Current Ratio

Measures if A2A SpA ADR is able to pay off Short-term Debt.

  • Above 1.5 is considered healthy (always compare to Utilities - Diversified industry mean).
  • A Current Ratio of 1.12 means the company has $1.12 in assets for each $1 in short-term debts.

Let's take a look of the Current Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 1.119. The company is just able to pay all its short-term debts.
  • The TTM is 1.119. The company is just able to pay all its short-term debts.
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ1.119TTM1.1190.000
TTM1.119YOY1.115+0.004
TTM1.1195Y1.150-0.031
5Y1.15010Y1.157-0.007
4.4.3.2. Quick Ratio

Measures if A2A SpA ADR is able to pay off Short-term Debt but only using the most liquid assets.

  • Above 1 is considered healthy but always compare A2A SpA ADR to the Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • A Quick Ratio of 0.29 means the company can pay off $0.29 for each $1 in debt (using most liquid assets).

Let's take a look of the Quick Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 0.294. The company is just not able to pay all its short-term debts with the most liquid assets. -1
  • The TTM is 0.294. The company is just not able to pay all its short-term debts with the most liquid assets. -1
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ0.294TTM0.2940.000
TTM0.294YOY0.803-0.510
TTM0.2945Y0.678-0.385
5Y0.67810Y0.838-0.160
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4.5.4. Solvency of A2A SpA ADR.

4.5.4. Solvency
4.5.4.1. Debt to Asset Ratio

Measures how much % of A2A SpA ADR assets are financed with debt.

  • Below 1 (100%) is considered healthy but always compare A2A SpA ADR to Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • A Debt to Asset Ratio of 0.70 means that A2A SpA ADR assets are financed with 69.8% credit (debt) and the remaining percentage (100% - 69.8%) is financed by its owners/shareholders. 

Let's take a look of the Debt to Asset Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 0.698. The company is able to pay all its debts by selling its assets. +1
  • The TTM is 0.698. The company is able to pay all its debts by selling its assets. +1
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ0.698TTM0.6980.000
TTM0.698YOY0.745-0.046
TTM0.6985Y0.732-0.033
5Y0.73210Y0.703+0.029
4.5.4.2. Debt to Equity Ratio

Measures if A2A SpA ADR is able to pay off its debts by using shareholders equity.

  • Below 2 is considered healthy but always compare A2A SpA ADR to the Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • A Debt to Equity ratio of 255.1% means that company has $2.55 debt for each $1 in shareholders equity.

Let's take a look of the Debt to Equity Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The MRQ is 2.551. The company is unable to pay all its debts with equity. -1
  • The TTM is 2.551. The company is unable to pay all its debts with equity. -1
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
MRQ2.551TTM2.5510.000
TTM2.551YOY3.301-0.750
TTM2.5515Y3.225-0.674
5Y3.22510Y2.795+0.430
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4.6. Market Valuation

4.6.1. Earnings Per Share
4.6.2.1. Price to Earnings Ratio

Measures how much money you pay for each share for every $1 in earnings A2A SpA ADR generates.

  • Above 15 is considered overpriced but always compare A2A SpA ADR to the Utilities - Diversified industry mean.
  • A PE ratio of 25.37 means the investor is paying $25.37 for every $1 in earnings.

Let's take a look of the Price to Earnings Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The EOD is 38.227. Based on the earnings, the company is overpriced. -1
  • The MRQ is 25.372. Based on the earnings, the company is overpriced. -1
  • The TTM is 25.372. Based on the earnings, the company is overpriced. -1
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
EOD38.227MRQ25.372+12.855
MRQ25.372TTM25.3720.000
TTM25.372YOY6.653+18.719
TTM25.3725Y12.349+13.023
5Y12.34910Y16.872-4.523
4.6.2.2. Price To Free Cash Flow Ratio

Let's take a look of the Price To Free Cash Flow Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The EOD is -88.548. Based on how much money comes from the company's main activities, the company is expensive. -2
  • The MRQ is -58.770. Based on how much money comes from the company's main activities, the company is expensive. -2
  • The TTM is -58.770. Based on how much money comes from the company's main activities, the company is expensive. -2
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
EOD-88.548MRQ-58.770-29.778
MRQ-58.770TTM-58.7700.000
TTM-58.770YOY-13.048-45.722
TTM-58.7705Y32.958-91.728
5Y32.95810Y21.492+11.466
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4.6.2. Book Value per Share
4.6.2.1. Price to Book Ratio

Measures if the stock price of A2A SpA ADR is to cheap or to expensive compared to its book value.

  • At or below 1 is considered healthy (always compare to Utilities - Diversified industry mean).
  • A PB ratio of 3.65 means the investor is paying $3.65 for each $1 in book value.

Let's take a look of the Price to Book Ratio trends of A2A SpA ADR:

  • The EOD is 5.502. Based on the equity, the company is overpriced. -1
  • The MRQ is 3.652. Based on the equity, the company is fair priced.
  • The TTM is 3.652. Based on the equity, the company is fair priced.
Trends
Current periodCompared to+/- 
EOD5.502MRQ3.652+1.850
MRQ3.652TTM3.6520.000
TTM3.652YOY0.913+2.739
TTM3.6525Y1.506+2.145
5Y1.50610Y1.381+0.126
4.6.2. Total Gains per Share
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6. Financial Statements




6.1. Latest Balance Sheet

Balance Sheet of 2024-12-31. Currency in EUR. All numbers in thousands.

Summary
Total Assets19,894,000
Total Liabilities13,891,000
Total Stockholder Equity5,445,000
 As reported
Total Liabilities 13,891,000
Total Stockholder Equity+ 5,445,000
Total Assets = 19,894,000

Assets

Total Assets19,894,000
Total Current Assets6,881,000
Long-term Assets13,013,000
Total Current Assets
Cash And Cash Equivalents 1,549,000
Short-term Investments 32,000
Net Receivables 1,773,000
Inventory 316,000
Other Current Assets 1,000
Total Current Assets  (as reported)6,881,000
Total Current Assets  (calculated)3,671,000
+/- 3,210,000
Long-term Assets
Property Plant Equipment 7,517,000
Goodwill 1,753,000
Intangible Assets 2,546,000
Long-term Assets Other 128,000
Long-term Assets  (as reported)13,013,000
Long-term Assets  (calculated)11,944,000
+/- 1,069,000

Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity

Total Current Liabilities6,148,000
Long-term Liabilities7,743,000
Total Stockholder Equity5,445,000
Total Current Liabilities
Short Long Term Debt 913,000
Accounts payable 3,682,000
Total Current Liabilities  (as reported)6,148,000
Total Current Liabilities  (calculated)4,595,000
+/- 1,553,000
Long-term Liabilities
Long term Debt 6,184,000
Capital Lease Obligations Min Short Term Debt175,000
Long-term Liabilities Other 328,000
Long-term Liabilities  (as reported)7,743,000
Long-term Liabilities  (calculated)6,687,000
+/- 1,056,000
Total Stockholder Equity
Retained Earnings 864,000
Total Stockholder Equity (as reported)5,445,000
Total Stockholder Equity (calculated)864,000
+/- 4,581,000
Other
Capital Stock1,629,000
Common Stock Shares Outstanding 3,132,905
Net Debt 5,548,000
Net Invested Capital 12,542,000
Net Working Capital 733,000
Property Plant and Equipment Gross 16,963,000



6.2. Balance Sheets Structured

Currency in EUR. All numbers in thousands.

 Trend2024-12-312023-12-312022-12-312021-12-312020-12-312019-12-312018-12-312017-12-312016-12-312015-12-312014-12-312013-12-312012-12-312011-12-312010-12-312009-12-312008-12-312007-12-312006-12-312005-12-31
> Total Assets 
13,339,000
13,094,000
3,728,000
11,147,000
12,200,000
12,361,000
10,855,000
11,945,000
11,010,000
10,333,000
9,801,000
10,379,000
9,949,000
10,333,000
10,725,000
12,226,000
18,008,000
21,367,000
18,798,000
19,894,000
19,894,00018,798,00021,367,00018,008,00012,226,00010,725,00010,333,0009,949,00010,379,0009,801,00010,333,00011,010,00011,945,00010,855,00012,361,00012,200,00011,147,0003,728,00013,094,00013,339,000
   > Total Current Assets 
2,323,000
2,632,000
1,084,000
3,031,000
2,454,000
2,861,000
3,966,000
3,235,000
3,109,000
2,885,000
2,730,000
3,058,000
2,840,000
2,970,000
3,110,000
3,953,000
8,587,000
11,138,000
7,826,000
6,881,000
6,881,0007,826,00011,138,0008,587,0003,953,0003,110,0002,970,0002,840,0003,058,0002,730,0002,885,0003,109,0003,235,0003,966,0002,861,0002,454,0003,031,0001,084,0002,632,0002,323,000
       Cash And Cash Equivalents 
242,000
253,000
154,000
87,000
25,000
132,000
147,000
553,000
376,000
544,000
636,000
402,000
691,000
624,000
434,000
1,012,000
964,000
2,584,000
1,439,000
1,549,000
1,549,0001,439,0002,584,000964,0001,012,000434,000624,000691,000402,000636,000544,000376,000553,000147,000132,00025,00087,000154,000253,000242,000
       Short-term Investments 
16,000
19,000
8,000
34,000
6,000
56,000
233,000
27,000
107,000
126,000
171,000
218,000
8,000
16,000
10,000
11,000
9,000
14,000
33,000
32,000
32,00033,00014,0009,00011,00010,00016,0008,000218,000171,000126,000107,00027,000233,00056,0006,00034,0008,00019,00016,000
       Net Receivables 
1,842,000
2,090,000
786,000
1,701,000
1,864,000
2,159,000
2,909,000
2,024,000
1,990,000
1,917,000
1,738,000
1,891,000
1,671,000
1,781,000
1,852,000
2,030,000
3,291,000
4,680,000
4,135,000
1,773,000
1,773,0004,135,0004,680,0003,291,0002,030,0001,852,0001,781,0001,671,0001,891,0001,738,0001,917,0001,990,0002,024,0002,909,0002,159,0001,864,0001,701,000786,0002,090,0001,842,000
       Inventory 
202,000
257,000
59,000
224,000
191,000
239,000
267,000
340,000
284,000
284,000
184,000
159,000
147,000
187,000
184,000
139,000
204,000
536,000
319,000
316,000
316,000319,000536,000204,000139,000184,000187,000147,000159,000184,000284,000284,000340,000267,000239,000191,000224,00059,000257,000202,000
       Other Current Assets 
21,000
13,000
85,000
985,000
368,000
275,000
410,000
291,000
2,342,000
1,931,000
1,739,000
2,280,000
1,994,000
2,143,000
2,482,000
2,791,000
7,410,000
8,194,000
1,900,000
1,000
1,0001,900,0008,194,0007,410,0002,791,0002,482,0002,143,0001,994,0002,280,0001,739,0001,931,0002,342,000291,000410,000275,000368,000985,00085,00013,00021,000
   > Long-term Assets 
11,016,000
10,462,000
2,644,000
8,116,000
9,746,000
9,500,000
6,889,000
8,710,000
7,901,000
7,448,000
7,071,000
7,321,000
7,109,000
7,363,000
7,615,000
8,273,000
9,421,000
10,229,000
10,972,000
13,013,000
13,013,00010,972,00010,229,0009,421,0008,273,0007,615,0007,363,0007,109,0007,321,0007,071,0007,448,0007,901,0008,710,0006,889,0009,500,0009,746,0008,116,0002,644,00010,462,00011,016,000
       Property Plant Equipment 
7,518,000
7,026,000
1,566,000
4,005,000
4,968,000
4,872,000
4,685,000
6,370,000
5,930,000
5,625,000
5,067,000
5,080,000
4,606,000
4,620,000
4,869,000
5,162,000
5,588,000
6,162,000
6,643,000
7,517,000
7,517,0006,643,0006,162,0005,588,0005,162,0004,869,0004,620,0004,606,0005,080,0005,067,0005,625,0005,930,0006,370,0004,685,0004,872,0004,968,0004,005,0001,566,0007,026,0007,518,000
       Goodwill 
2,580,218
2,512,349
-184,000
0
0
0
580,000
569,000
482,000
482,000
482,000
557,000
457,000
444,000
374,000
426,000
746,000
844,000
846,000
1,753,000
1,753,000846,000844,000746,000426,000374,000444,000457,000557,000482,000482,000482,000569,000580,000000-184,0002,512,3492,580,218
       Long Term Investments 
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
240,000
139,000
137,000
136,000
107,000
23,000
65,000
0
0
0
0
0
0000065,00023,000107,000136,000137,000139,000240,00000000000
       Intangible Assets 
16,782
19,651
360,000
634,000
689,000
1,552,000
1,503,000
824,000
824,000
836,000
866,000
1,167,000
1,406,000
1,858,000
2,005,000
2,311,000
2,379,000
2,671,000
2,784,000
2,546,000
2,546,0002,784,0002,671,0002,379,0002,311,0002,005,0001,858,0001,406,0001,167,000866,000836,000824,000824,0001,503,0001,552,000689,000634,000360,00019,65116,782
       Long-term Assets Other 
197,000
92,000
20,000
91,000
470,000
251,000
132,000
442,000
160,000
169,000
382,000
236,000
240,000
148,000
35,000
67,000
196,000
100,000
637,000
128,000
128,000637,000100,000196,00067,00035,000148,000240,000236,000382,000169,000160,000442,000132,000251,000470,00091,00020,00092,000197,000
> Total Liabilities 
9,650,000
8,883,000
2,168,000
6,425,000
7,605,000
7,516,000
7,262,000
8,248,000
7,662,000
7,154,000
6,542,000
7,108,000
6,936,000
6,810,000
7,074,000
8,110,000
13,705,000
16,900,000
13,996,000
13,891,000
13,891,00013,996,00016,900,00013,705,0008,110,0007,074,0006,810,0006,936,0007,108,0006,542,0007,154,0007,662,0008,248,0007,262,0007,516,0007,605,0006,425,0002,168,0008,883,0009,650,000
   > Total Current Liabilities 
2,678,000
4,167,000
900,000
2,180,000
2,074,000
2,358,000
2,490,000
2,479,000
2,300,000
1,992,000
2,426,000
2,520,000
2,343,000
2,722,000
2,635,000
3,011,000
8,148,000
9,686,000
7,020,000
6,148,000
6,148,0007,020,0009,686,0008,148,0003,011,0002,635,0002,722,0002,343,0002,520,0002,426,0001,992,0002,300,0002,479,0002,490,0002,358,0002,074,0002,180,000900,0004,167,0002,678,000
       Short-term Debt 
1,059,000
122,000
201,000
0
542,000
448,000
675,000
653,000
415,000
177,000
692,000
359,000
437,000
694,000
304,000
588,000
746,000
1,022,000
775,000
0
0775,0001,022,000746,000588,000304,000694,000437,000359,000692,000177,000415,000653,000675,000448,000542,0000201,000122,0001,059,000
       Short Long Term Debt 
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,397,000
4,056,000
690,000
357,000
432,000
689,000
279,000
567,000
723,000
991,000
740,000
913,000
913,000740,000991,000723,000567,000279,000689,000432,000357,000690,0004,056,0004,397,00000000000
       Accounts payable 
1,445,000
337,000
631,000
1,186,000
1,074,000
1,450,000
1,348,000
1,332,000
1,306,000
1,254,000
1,170,000
1,384,000
1,381,000
1,413,000
1,481,000
1,552,000
2,894,000
5,524,000
4,105,000
3,682,000
3,682,0004,105,0005,524,0002,894,0001,552,0001,481,0001,413,0001,381,0001,384,0001,170,0001,254,0001,306,0001,332,0001,348,0001,450,0001,074,0001,186,000631,000337,0001,445,000
       Other Current Liabilities 
72,000
3,622,000
52,000
956,000
445,000
404,000
442,000
486,000
566,000
559,000
483,000
680,000
428,000
526,000
771,000
828,000
4,407,000
2,900,000
1,975,000
0
01,975,0002,900,0004,407,000828,000771,000526,000428,000680,000483,000559,000566,000486,000442,000404,000445,000956,00052,0003,622,00072,000
   > Long-term Liabilities 
6,972,000
4,716,000
1,268,000
4,245,000
5,531,000
5,158,000
4,772,000
5,769,000
5,362,000
5,162,000
4,116,000
4,588,000
4,593,000
4,088,000
4,439,000
5,099,000
5,557,000
7,214,000
6,976,000
7,743,000
7,743,0006,976,0007,214,0005,557,0005,099,0004,439,0004,088,0004,593,0004,588,0004,116,0005,162,0005,362,0005,769,0004,772,0005,158,0005,531,0004,245,0001,268,0004,716,0006,972,000
       Other Liabilities 
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,380,000
1,231,000
1,007,000
1,145,000
1,092,000
1,104,000
1,132,000
1,176,000
1,220,000
1,347,000
0
0
001,347,0001,220,0001,176,0001,132,0001,104,0001,092,0001,145,0001,007,0001,231,0001,380,00000000000
> Total Stockholder Equity
1,649,000
1,963,000
1,540,000
3,874,000
3,690,000
3,501,000
2,767,000
2,846,000
2,791,000
2,579,000
2,646,000
2,717,000
2,878,000
3,135,000
3,289,000
3,537,000
3,760,000
3,899,000
4,240,000
5,445,000
5,445,0004,240,0003,899,0003,760,0003,537,0003,289,0003,135,0002,878,0002,717,0002,646,0002,579,0002,791,0002,846,0002,767,0003,501,0003,690,0003,874,0001,540,0001,963,0001,649,000
   Common Stock
936,000
936,000
774,000
1,522,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
1,629,000
0
01,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,629,0001,522,000774,000936,000936,000
   Retained Earnings 
341,000
544,000
225,000
316,000
80,000
308,000
-420,000
260,000
62,000
-37,000
73,000
224,000
293,000
344,000
389,000
364,000
504,000
401,000
659,000
864,000
864,000659,000401,000504,000364,000389,000344,000293,000224,00073,000-37,00062,000260,000-420,000308,00080,000316,000225,000544,000341,000
   Capital Surplus 00000000000000000000
   Treasury Stock00000000000000000000
   Other Stockholders Equity 
372,000
951,000
376,000
2,036,000
1,981,000
1,564,000
1,561,000
957,000
1,100,000
987,000
944,000
856,000
956,000
1,162,000
1,271,000
1,544,000
-504,000
-401,000
1,952,000
0
01,952,000-401,000-504,0001,544,0001,271,0001,162,000956,000856,000944,000987,0001,100,000957,0001,561,0001,564,0001,981,0002,036,000376,000951,000372,000



6.3. Balance Sheets

Currency in EUR. All numbers in thousands.




6.4. Cash Flows

Currency in EUR. All numbers in thousands.




6.5. Income Statements

Currency in EUR. All numbers in thousands.


6.6. Latest Income Statement

Income Statement (annual), 2024-12-31. Currency in EUR. All numbers in thousands.

Gross Profit (+$)
totalRevenue12,570,000
Cost of Revenue-9,218,000
Gross Profit3,352,0003,352,000
 
Operating Income (+$)
Gross Profit3,352,000
Operating Expense-11,227,000
Operating Income1,343,000-7,875,000
 
Operating Expense (+$)
Research Development-
Selling General Administrative-
Selling And Marketing Expenses-
Operating Expense11,227,0000
 
Net Interest Income (+$)
Interest Income47,000
Interest Expense-165,000
Other Finance Cost-9,000
Net Interest Income-109,000
 
Pretax Income (+$)
Operating Income1,343,000
Net Interest Income-109,000
Other Non-Operating Income Expenses-
Income Before Tax (EBT)1,211,0001,343,000
EBIT - interestExpense = -165,000
864,000
1,029,000
Interest Expense165,000
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT)-1,376,000
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBITDA)-
 
After tax Income (+$)
Income Before Tax1,211,000
Tax Provision-319,000
Net Income From Continuing Ops892,000892,000
Net Income864,000
Net Income Applicable To Common Shares-
 
Non-recurring Events
Discontinued Operations-
Extraordinary Items-
Effect of Accounting Charges-
Other Items-
Non Recurring-
Other Operating Expenses-
Total Other Income/Expenses Net-109,000
 

Technical Analysis of A2A SpA ADR
The psychology behind the price

Technical indicators reflecting market sentiment and the collective psychology of you and other traders. Your emotions and other traders' emotions, such as fear and greed, play a significant role in driving price movements.

General trend

First of all, I'm going to put something in the back of your mind. One of the most stable factors that gives you more confidence as a trader: the general trend of A2A SpA ADR. The general trend of A2A SpA ADR is BULLISH with 71.4% confidence. It is very important for your mental being to use each indicator with this in mind. But beware, also the general trend flips once in a while! You can use moving averages to determine A2A SpA ADR's overall trend. For convenience I use the most commonly used moving averages: 20, 50, 100 & 200. Of course you can use other moving averages or other indicators to determine the trend.

Indicator phases

Some of the indicators I use have 3 zones: overbought, oversold and neutral. Transitions between these zones (market phases) provide valuable trading signals and insights. Expecially with the general trend mind, I use the highlighted phases:

Indicator zone transitionsBullish trend (71.4%) Bearish trend (-71.4%)
Overbought to neutralBullish pullback=Bearish reversal
Upper to lower neutralBullish correction=Bearish continuation
Nuetral to oversoldOversold=Oversold
Oversold to neutralBullish reversal=Bearish correction
Lower to upper neutralBullish continuation=Bearish pullback
Nuetral to overboughtOverbought=Overbought

1. A2A SpA ADR Price Targets

1.1 Support & Resistance

Support and resistance are levels on a price chart that act as barriers or zones where the price of an asset tends to stop, reverse, or experience a significant amount of buying or selling pressure.

Support is a price level at which demand for an asset is strong enough to prevent the price from falling further.
Resistance is a price level at which selling pressure becomes significant enough to prevent the price of an asset from rising further.


Score

Let's take a look at the Support & Resistance of A2A SpA ADR.

The long score for the Support & Resistance is 1/1.
The longshort score for the Support & Resistance is 1/(-1 +1).

  • Around support: The price is currently trading around a support level. This can be considered as a potential entry level. +1

The bullish price targets are: 12.40 < 12.40 < 12.40.

The bearish price targets are: 12.40 > 12.40 > 12.40.

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A2A SpA ADR Daily Support & Resistance Chart
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2. Trend Indicators

2.1 Moving Averages

Shows the moving average of the selected period.

  • Moving averages are lagging trend indicators.
  • There are many types of moving averages.
  • Moving averages are also used within other indicators.

Score

Let's take a look at the Moving Averages of A2A SpA ADR. The current mas is .

The long score for the Moving Averages is 12/14.
The longshort score for the Moving Averages is 10/(-14 +14).

  • MA 20 trending down: The MA 20 is trending down. -1
  • Close < MA 20: The price is below the MA 20. -1
  • MA 20 > MA 50: The MA 20 is higher than the MA 50. +1
  • MA 20 > MA 100: The MA 20 is higher than the MA 100. +1
  • MA 20 > MA 200: The MA 20 is higher than the MA 200. +1
  • MA 50 trending up: The MA 50 is trending up. +1
  • Close > MA 50: The price is above the MA 50. +1
  • MA 50 > MA 100: The MA 50 is higher than the MA 100. +1
  • MA 50 > MA 200: The MA 50 is higher than the MA 200. +1
  • MA 100 trending up: The MA 100 is trending up. +1
  • Close > MA 100: The price is above the MA 100. +1
  • MA 100 > MA 200: The MA 100 is higher than the MA 200. +1
  • MA 200 trending up: The MA 200 is trending up. +1
  • Close > MA 200: The price is above the MA 200. +1

Directionalities and relatives.

Moving AverageAmount of candlesTrendPrice +/-vs. MA 50vs. MA 100vs. MA 200
MA 2020
MA 5050-
MA 100100--
MA 200200---

Explanation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwW8h0lrQ-I

A2A SpA ADR Daily Moving Averages Chart
2.2 Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD)

Shows the momentum of the selected period based on two moving averages.

  • MACD is a lagging momentum indicator.
  • Uses two moving averages.
  • Can show buy or sell signals based on momentum.
  • Can show overbought. and oversold. levels.

Score

Let's take a look at the Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD) of A2A SpA ADR. The current macd is 0.06213593.

The long score for the Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD) is 1/4.
The longshort score for the Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD) is -2/(-4 +4).

  • MACD line < signal line: The MACD line is below the signal line, which indicates a bearish signal in the market. This means that the negative momentum is currently stronger than the average momentum, suggesting that sellers are more active than buyers, and there's a higher probability of the A2A SpA ADR price going down in the near term. -2
  • MACD > 0: The MACD is above the zero line (centerline), it indicates a bullish signal for A2A SpA ADR. This means that the short-term moving average is higher than the long-term moving average, signaling positive momentum and suggesting a higher likelihood of the A2A SpA ADR price continuing to rise in the near future. It indicates that buyers are gaining control, and there is optimism in the market, leading to potential price increases. +1
  • Trending down: The MACD line is trending down. This indicates that the short-term moving average is falling faster than the long-term moving average, suggesting negative momentum in the market. This signals that sellers are becoming more active and insecure, leading to potential price decreases as traders anticipate further losses and are willing to sell at lower prices. -1
A2A SpA ADR Daily Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD) ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD) Chart
2.3 Directional Movement Index (DMI)

The DMI is a collection of 3 indicators: +DI (Plus Direction Indicator), -DI (Minus Direction Indicator) and ADX (Average Directional Index). The ADX helps you determine the strength of a trend.


Score

Let's take a look at the Directional Movement Index (DMI) of A2A SpA ADR. The current adx is 27.75.

The long score for the Directional Movement Index (DMI) is 3/7.
The longshort score for the Directional Movement Index (DMI) is 3/(-7 +7).

  • PLUS_ID > MINUS_DI: The +DI line is above the -DI line. This indicates a bullish signal in the market, as the positive directional movement is currently stronger than the negative directional movement, showing that buyers have the upper hand. Market psychology suggests that traders are optimistic, expecting further price increases, and are more willing to buy A2A SpA ADR shares, leading to potential upward momentum in its price. +1
  • PLUS_ID > MINUS_DI && ADX > 25 && ADX trending down: The ADX is above 25 and indicates a strong bullish trend. The ADX is declining, the bullish trend is weakening. Could be a potential reversal to the downside. +2
A2A SpA ADR Daily Directional Movement Index (DMI) Chart
2.4 Parabolic SAR

Shows the current trend and potential entry and exit signals.

  • Parabolic SAR (stop and reverse) is a lagging trend indicator.
  • Shows the current trend.
  • Shows potential entry signals.
  • Shows  potential exit signals.
  • Can be used to place trailing stoplosses..

Score

Let's take a look at the Parabolic SAR of A2A SpA ADR. The current sar is 12.05.

The long score for the Parabolic SAR is 1/1.
The longshort score for the Parabolic SAR is 1/(-1 +1).

  • Close > SAR: The price is above the SAR. It's generally considered a bullish signal. +1
A2A SpA ADR Daily Parabolic SAR Chart
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3. Momentum Indicators

3.1 Relative Strength Index (RSI)

Measures the speed and change of price movements.

  • Leading momentum indicator, meaning the signals are instant.
  • Ranges between 0 and 100.
  • Above 70 is considered overbought.
  • Below 30 is considered oversold.
  • Above or below 50 can also be used to determine price trend or support and resistance.
  • RSI divergence looks at a deviation between RSI and price movement. Penketrading automatically calculates RSI divergences.
  • Can be used in many different ways

Score

Let's take a look at the Relative Strength Index (RSI) of A2A SpA ADR. The current rsi is 100.00. The current phase is Overbought in bull market.

The long score for the Relative Strength Index (RSI) is 0/13.
The longshort score for the Relative Strength Index (RSI) is -1/(-13 +13).

  • Overbought in bull market: Short-term excessive buying, potential for pullback. Consider taking profits, be cautious of potential correction. -1
A2A SpA ADR Daily Relative Strength Index (RSI) ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Relative Strength Index (RSI) Chart
3.2 Stochastic Oscillator

Compares a certain price to multiple prices ranging over time.

  • Leading momentum indicator, meaning the signals are instant.
  • Used to determine overbought and oversold areas much like the RSI.
  • Ranges between 0 and 100.
  • Above 80 is considered overbought.
  • Below 20 is considered oversold.
  • Consists of two lines named K and D.
  • K compares the highest high and lowest low on the selected price range.
  • The D line is a moving average of the K line.
  • Can be used to spot divergences

Score

Let's take a look at the Stochastic Oscillator of A2A SpA ADR. The current phase is Oversold in bull market.

The long score for the Stochastic Oscillator is 0/6.
The longshort score for the Stochastic Oscillator is -6/(-6 +6).

  • STOCH < 50: The STOCH %K is below 50. There are more sellers than buyers. -1
  • STOCH < 20: The STOCH %K is below 20 and oversold. -2
  • STOCH %K line < STOCH %D line: The STOCH %K line is below the STOCH %D line, which indicates a bearish signal in the market. This means that the negative momentum is currently stronger than the average momentum, suggesting that sellers are more active than buyers, and there's a higher probability of the A2A SpA ADR price going down in the near term. -2
  • Trending down: The STOCH %K is trending down. -1
A2A SpA ADR Daily Stochastic Oscillator ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Stochastic Oscillator Chart
3.3 Commodity Channel Index (CCI)

Measures the difference between the current price and the historical average price.

  • Lagging or leading Momentum indicator
  • When the CCI is above zero, the price is above the historical average
  • When the CCI is below zero, the price is below the historical average
  • Used for spotting trends
    • If the CCI moves from negative or near zero to positive 100 that might indicate an uptrend
    • If the CCI moves from positive or near zero to negative -100 that might indicate a downtrend

Score

Let's take a look at the Commodity Channel Index (CCI) of A2A SpA ADR. The current cci is -66.66666667.

A2A SpA ADR Daily Commodity Channel Index (CCI) ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Commodity Channel Index (CCI) Chart
3.4 Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO)

Measures the difference between the sum of recent gains and the sum of recent losses. Then divides the result by the sum of all price movements in that period.

  • Lagging momentum indicator
  • Ranges between +100 and -100
  • Considered overbought above +50
  • Considered oversold below -50
  • It's possible to add a moving average that acts as a signal line

Score

Let's take a look at the Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) of A2A SpA ADR. The current cmo is 100.00.

The long score for the Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) is 1/1.
The longshort score for the Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) is 1/(-1 +1).

  • CMO > 0: The CMO is above 0, the momentum of the price is positive, indicating a potential uptrend in the price. +1
A2A SpA ADR Daily Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) Chart
3.5 Williams %R

 Shows the current price relative to the highest high over the last 14 days.
 

  • Lagging momentum indicator
  • Ranging between 0 and -100
  • Above -20 is considered overbought
  • Below -80 is considered oversold
  • Is prone to give false signals

Score

Let's take a look at the Williams %R of A2A SpA ADR. The current willr is 0.

The long score for the Williams %R is 1/1.
The longshort score for the Williams %R is 1/(-1 +1).

  • WILLR > -20: The Williams %R is above -20. This indicates that the price is in overbought territory, suggesting a potential price correction or trend reversal to the downside. +1
A2A SpA ADR Daily Williams %R ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Williams %R Chart
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4. Volatility Indicators

4.1 Bollinger Bands

Shows if the price is to high or to low relative to an average.

  • Lagging volatility indicator
  • Uses 3 bands: one upper, one lower and one in the middle
  • Works best when the middle band reflects an intermediate trend (MA20).
  • When the price is moving closer to the upper band, the market might be overbought
  • When the price is moving closer to the lower band, the market might be oversold 

Score

Let's take a look at the Bollinger Bands of A2A SpA ADR.

A2A SpA ADR Daily Bollinger Bands Chart
4.2 Average True Range (ATR)
Measures market volatility
  • Leading volatility indicator
  • Can be used to determine stop-loss positions
  • Calculated by:
    • Current high minus the current low
    • Current high minus the previous close
    • Current low minus the previous close
  • The larger the range of the candles, the greater the ATR value

Score

Let's take a look at the Average True Range (ATR) of A2A SpA ADR. The current atr is 0.00971048.

A2A SpA ADR Daily Average True Range (ATR) ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Average True Range (ATR) Chart
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5. Volume Indicators

5.1 On-Balance Volume (OBV)

 Measures market volatility

  • Leading momentum indicator
  • Calculation:
    • If the closing price is above the previous closing price: OBV = previous OBV + current volume
    • If the closing price is below the previous closing price: OBV = previous OBV - current volume
    • If the closing price is the same as the previous closing price than the OBV is the same.
  • Can be used to confirm price trends
  • Can be used with divergences

Score

Let's take a look at the On-Balance Volume (OBV) of A2A SpA ADR. The current obv is 200.00.

A2A SpA ADR Daily On-Balance Volume (OBV) ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily On-Balance Volume (OBV) Chart
5.2 Money Flow Index (MFI)

Measures the flow of money in and out of a security

  • Lagging momentum indicator
  • Looks like RSI but uses volume as an extra metric (RSI only considers price)
  • Above 80 is considered overbought
  • Below 20 is considered oversold
  • Can be used with divergences

Score

Let's take a look at the Money Flow Index (MFI) of A2A SpA ADR. The current mfi is 0.

The long score for the Money Flow Index (MFI) is 0/2.
The longshort score for the Money Flow Index (MFI) is -2/(-2 +2).

  • MFI < 50: -1
  • MFI < 20: -1
A2A SpA ADR Daily Money Flow Index (MFI) ChartA2A SpA ADR Daily Money Flow Index (MFI) Chart
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6. Summary

6.1. Notifications

TypeNotificationDate
PenkeCurrently no notifications for A2A SpA ADR.

6.2. Trading Signals

Below you will find trading signals as the indicator is commonly used. This doesn't mean you should use it that way. Learn from these, but don't use them blindly. I recommend using at least 4 indicators, 1 from each category: trend, momentum, volatility and volume.

DateIndicatorSignal
2025-03-13RSI SHORT ENTRY LONG CLOSE70 crossover to downside
2025-03-19MACD LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSEThe MACD line crosses above the signal line.
SAR LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSEThe price broke the SAR to the upside.
RSI LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSE30 crossover to upside
CCI LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSE100 crossover to upside
CMO LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSEZero line crossover to upside
ATR LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSEPrice closed above (close + ATR).
MFI LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSE80 crossover to upside
2025-03-21STOCH LONG EXITThe %K line crosses below the %D line.
2025-04-08MACD SHORT ENTRY LONG CLOSEThe MACD line crosses below the signal line.
MFI SHORT ENTRY LONG CLOSE20 crossover to downside
2025-04-15BB SHORT ENTRY LONG CLOSEPrice closed above the lower band.
2025-05-19CCI LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSE100 crossover to upside
2025-05-21MACD LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSEThe MACD line crosses above the signal line.
STOCH LONG EXITThe %K line crosses below the %D line.
2025-05-27CCI LONG ENTRY SHORT CLOSE100 crossover to upside
2025-06-02MACD SHORT ENTRY LONG CLOSEThe MACD line crosses below the signal line.

6.3. Candlestick Patterns

A2A SpA ADR Daily Candlestick Chart
DateCandlestick Pattern

6.4. Technical Score

Let's check the technical score of A2A SpA ADR based on Penke's default Symbol scanner.

Penke's Symbol Scanner

  
  
IndicatorConditionValue
RsiGreater than50100.000
Ma 20Greater thanMa 5012.400
Ma 50Greater thanMa 10012.185
Ma 100Greater thanMa 20010.975
OpenGreater thanClose12.400
Total4/5 (80.0%)
Penke
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